Basic Foreclosure Process/Timing in Indiana

Need a handle on how long it will take to liquidateextension
your borrower's collateral in Indiana? Since the5. Motion for summary judgment: can be filed
foreclosure process officially starts with the filing of aimmediately after the filing of the Answer
complaint, my timelines start there. A complaint6. Objection to motion for summary judgment: due
cannot be filed until there has been a default under30 days after the filing of the motion for summary
the terms of the real estate mortgage or personaljudgment
property security agreement. Needless to say, many7. Summary judgment hearing: usually held 75-120
weeks if not months might pass between the initialdays after the motion is filed
loan default and the decision to file suit.8. Entry of judgment and decree of foreclosure:
The timing of the foreclosure process largelyoccurs on day of hearing, or soon thereafter, unless
depends upon whether and to what extent thethe motion is vigorously contested with viable
borrower contests the proceeding:defenses
Uncontested Foreclosure: 4½ - 6 months9. Praecipe for Sheriff's sale: can be submitted
minimum. If a business debtor does not contestimmediately after the entry of judgment assuming
foreclosure (but will not agree to a deed in lieu), themore than 3 months have passed since the complaint
process can move relatively quickly. Here are thewas filed
major steps and applicable ranges of time:10. Sheriff's sale: takes place 45-90 days from
1. Filing of the ComplaintPraecipe, depending on the county
2. Service of process on the debtor: occurs in 5-10Judicial sales. Indiana law requires a judicial sale in
days unless service by publicationorder to foreclose a mortgage. I.C. 32-29-7-4 ( is a
3. Application for default judgment: can be soughtnice option for creditors looking to expedite a sale.
21-24 days after service of processThe statute permits, under certain limited
4. Entry of default judgment and decree ofcircumstances, the sheriff's sale to be conducted by
foreclosure: should occur within approximately 30a private auctioneer on the civil sheriff's behalf. This
days after the Application is filedmay be advisable in counties without
5. Praecipe for Sheriff's sale, including notice of same:regularly-scheduled sheriff's sales. (I should note that,
by statute, cannot be filed until 3 months after theas to personal property security interests, UCC
ComplaintArticle 9.1 and/or the terms of a security agreement
6. Sheriff's sale: happens about 45-90 days frommay allow the creditor to repossess the collateral
Praecipe, depending on the countywithout a sheriff's sale.)
Contested Foreclosure: 6-9 months minimum. GivenBe prepared for delays. Although the basic procedure
the vagaries of litigation, it's virtually impossible tois the same throughout Indiana, the timing can be
conclusively estimate how long a contestedimpacted dramatically by the dockets of the individual
foreclosure case may last. Much depends upon howcourts and/or the schedules of the individual civil
clear the default and the damages are. Perhaps theSheriffs' offices. The periods described are the
most significant factor relates to the time associatedminimum time periods. The actual time usually is
with workout negotiations. In that regard, each caselonger. This is especially true if there are multiple
is different. Here are the main steps of a fairly quickcreditors named in the lawsuit. Further, in contested
contested foreclosure:cases involving debtors represented by counsel,
1. Filing of the Complaintopposing attorneys can prolong the process in a
2. Service of process on the debtor: occurs in 5-10variety of ways, including multiple motions for
days unless service by publicationextensions of time, requests for discovery and
3. Appearance of debtor's attorney and motion forvigorous challenges to a motion for summary
one or more 30-day extensions of time to respondjudgment. In the event a trial must occur, a
to the Complaint: filed 20-23 days after service ofresolution of the case can be delayed several months
processif not years. In addition, a bankruptcy can be filed up
4. Answer to Complaint: filed 30 days after filing ofuntil the time when the Sheriff's sale begins, and that
Appearance and expiration of last motion forcan delay the foreclosure process indefinitely.