Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore

Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore is a U.S. nationalthe nearby Gary steel mills led by groups such as the
lakeshore located in northwest Indiana. The nationalPrairie Club of Chicago, the area continued to be
lakeshore runs for nearly 25 miles (40 km) along theexploited. The tallest dune in Indiana, the 200 foot
southern shore of Lake Michigan, from Michigan City,(60 m) high Hoosier Slide, was hauled away and
Indiana on the east to Gary, Indiana on the west.turned into glass by Pittsburgh Plate Glass and
The park contains approximately 15,000 acres (61canning jars by Ball Brothers.
km²). A part of this area, 2,182 acres (9In 1926, part of the area became the Indiana Dunes
km²) is located in Indiana Dunes State Park andState Park. Lobbying continued to expand the area
managed by the Indiana Department of Naturaland in 1963, the Kennedy Compromise linked the
Resources. Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore wasconstruction of the Port of Indiana to the
authorized by Congress in 1966.development of a National Lakeshore. The Lakeshore
Lakeshore activitieswas created in 1966 and expanded in 1976, 1980,
The park contains 15 miles (24 km) of beaches, as1986 and 1992.
well as sand dunes, bogs, marshes, swamps, fens,Lakeshore landmarks
prairies, rivers, oak savannas, and woodland forests.Cowles Bog
The park is also noted for its singing sands. MoreCowles Bog, a National Natural Landmark, is a fen
than 350 species of birds have been observed in thewetland named in honor of biologist and ecologist
park. It has one of the most diverse plantHenry Cowles. Located south and west of Dune
communities of any unit in the U.S. National ParkAcres, Indiana, Cowles Bog is the sole remaining
System with 1418 vascular plant species including 90remnant of the Central Dunes where Cowles
threatened or endangered ones. The Indiana Dunesperformed his pioneering field studies of plant
area is unique in that it contains both arctic and borealsuccession and species diversity. A National
plants (such as the bearberry) alongside desert plantsLakeshore trail runs from Mineral Springs Road into
(such as the prickly pear cactus).Cowles Bog.
First-time visitors to the Lakeshore often go to theHoosier Prairie
Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor Center at U.S. HighwayHoosier Prairie, a National Natural Landmark, is a
20 and Indiana Route 49, near Porter, Indiana. This430-acre (1.7 km²) tallgrass prairie adjacent to
brand-new center (2007) offers standardGriffith, Indiana. It is a geographically isolated unit of
visitor-center amenities, including a video, brochures,the Lakeshore, owned and maintained by the Indiana
hands-on exhibits, and a gift shop. It is free to theDepartment of Natural Resources as a state nature
general public.preserve. 574 separate species of plants have been
Camping is available at the Dunewood Campgroundobserved growing in this patch of prairie, or more
on U.S. Highway 12 and Broadway, in Beverly Shores,than 1 species per acre.
Indiana. The campground includes a dump-station,Mount Baldy
two loops of trailer accessible sites (some withMount Baldy is a sand dune located west of Michigan
pull-through drives). All sites have tent pads, grills,City, Indiana. At 123 feet tall, it is the tallest sand
picnic table and access to restrooms with runningdune on the southern shore of Lake Michigan. It is a
water and showers. There are a limited number ofwandering dune that moves or shifts every year, and
walk-in sites in the Mather Loop.so is called a "living dune." Mount Baldy is accessible
The park provides opportunities for bird watching,from U.S. Route 12 (also known as Dunes Highway)
camping, 45 miles (72 km) of hiking, fishing,between the town of Pines and the western border
swimming, horseback riding, and cross-country skiing.of Michigan City. Visitors can hike up the dune and
Cycling is available on the Calumet Trail, a crushedfrom the top, on a clear day, can view Chicago's
limestone multiuse trail which runs through theskyline and the south shore. North of Mount Baldy is
eastern section of the park, providing access to thea swimming beach (no lifeguards).
Indiana Dunes State Park, as well as to thePinhook Bog
communities of Beverly Shores, Indiana; the Town ofPinhook Bog, a National Natural Landmark, is a
Pines, Indiana; and Mount Baldy (Sand Dune) on thegeographically isolated unit of the National Lakeshore.
edge of Michigan City, Indiana. The park had moreThe quaking bog is located near U.S. Highway 421
than 2 million visits in 2005.approxiamtely 9 miles (14 km) south of Michigan City.
Rules state not to feed any of the wildlife, includingThe bog formed from a postglacial kettle moraine
seagulls, deer, or raccoons.left behind about 14,000 years before the present by
Lakeshore historythe melting of the ice sheet during the end of the
The Indiana Dunes area first came to prominence inWisconsin glaciation. The acidic bog is noted for
1899 when Henry Cowles did some of the pioneeringpitcher plants and other wetland species. Access to
work in American plant ecology there. Despitethe bog is restricted to ranger-led guided tours.
attempts to protect the area from threats such as