The History of the NCAA Basketball Tournament

The NCAA Basketball Tournament is among us. Thisgame drew the attention of millions throughout the
tournament is a looking glass for human hope,country; its 24.1 TV rating remains the highest ever
excellence and positive social change. It is, in short, afor a college basketball game and is still considered
microcosm of the human existence, with all of itsone of the greatest match-ups in NCAA Tournament
exuberance, tragedy and triumph. The NCAAhistory.
Basketball Tournament is American sports.Expansion followed in 1980 to 48 teams, and then in
The excitement and tradition of "March Madness" or1983, to 53 teams. In what many believe is the
the NCAA Basketball Tournament as we know itgreatest Cinderella story in college basketball, North
today has been shaped by many significant events inCarolina State's Lorenzo Charles dunks the ball as
NCAA tournament history: The first NCAA men'stime expires in the 1983 championship game to lead
basketball tournament was held in 1939 with the firstthe Wolfpack to a 54-52 win over heavily favored
NCAA tournament championship game held atAkeem Olajuwon and Houston. Perhaps no one figure
Northwestern on March 27, 1939. Only eight teamsin college basketball history more personified the spirit
competed in two regions. Oregon defeated Ohioof March Madness than Coach Jim Valvano. His
State in the championship game, and the West regionunderdog North Carolina State Wolfpack did what
held a third-place game.many consider a miracle by making an incredible run
Although the NCAA basketball tournament nowthrough the 1983 Tournament. Culminating in the
determines the national champion, that was notdefeat of the highly touted "Phi Slamma Jamma"
always the case. Until the 1950's, the NIT wassquad from the University of Houston, Valvano was
considered a more prestigious tournament than therocketed into the media limelight and quickly became
NCAA basketball tournament, and teams often chosethe symbol of exuberance and enthusiasm. He
to enter the NIT and bypass the NCAA tourney.discovered soon afterward that he had bone cancer,
Because of this dichotomy, two of the best centersand for a short time became a commentator for
of the 1940's never met in an NCAA basketballcollege basketball. Before his death at age 47, he
tournament. George Mikan's DePaul team traditionallywas named the recipient of the Arthur Ashe award
entered the NIT, while Bob Kurland's of Oklahoma.for courage at the first ESPN ESPY awards. It was
In 1973, with the championship game held on Mondayat this time he announced the formation of the V
night for the first time, UCLA behind Bill Walton's 44Foundation for cancer research.
points on 21 of 22 shooting, won its seventh straightIn 1985 the tournament expanded to 64 teams. A
championship, defeating Memphis State. NC State, ledVillanova Wildcat team shot a 22 for 28 field goal
by David Thompson, ends UCLA's title run in 1974,percentage to defeat Patrick Ewing and defending
defeating the Bruins in the national semifinals in doublechampion Georgetown in the championship game.
overtime.Villanova remains the lowest seed (#8) to win the
The following year, the NCAA tournament expandedchampionship. In 1991, Duke upset undefeated UNLV
to 32 teams, and then allowed more than one schoolin the semifinals and went on to win the national
from each conference to participate. Prior to thischampionship. In 1997, Arizona, led by Mike Bibby,
ruling, the restriction prevented several great teamsJason Terry and Miles Simon, becomes the first
from competing in the tournament, including the 1974school to defeat three #1 seeds en route to the
Maryland team. They finished the season nationallynational championship, winning against Kansas, North
ranked #4, yet lost the ACC Conference final gameCarolina and Kentucky.
to top-ranked NC State prior to the start of theThe NCAA Tournament's popularity has grown to
tournament. After that, the NCAA began to allowrival that of the World Series, the Olympics and the
more than one team per conference to participate. InSuper Bowl. CBS Sports in 1999 negotiated an
1976, Bobby Knight's Indiana Hoosier squad11-year, $6 billion agreement for television, radio,
completed an undefeated season with a victory overInternet, corporate marketing, licensing, publishing,
Michigan in the championship game. The Hoosiers arehome video and Hoop City rights for the Division I
the last team to go undefeated and win the title.men's basketball championship.
The tournament expanded to 40 teams in 1979, andToday the NCAA basketball tournament is one of
teams were seeded for the first time. "Magic" Earvinthe most watched tournaments of the year. Always
Johnson leads Michigan State over Larry Bird andexciting you never really know who is going to end
Indiana State to win the national championship. Theup on top!